Practice

Print Materials

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Sentence Structures

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
Ik wil graag...	I would like... — requests, wishes, ordering.
Kan ik...? / Kunt u...?	Can I...? / Can you...? — polite questions, asking for help.
Ik heb... nodig	I need... — expressing needs.
Ik ben...	I am... — describing yourself, states, conditions.
Er is... / Er zijn...	There is... / There are... — existence, availability.
Ik moet...	I must... / I have to... — obligations, necessities.
...omdat...	...because... — the verb moves to the END of the omdat-clause.
Als... dan...	If... then... — the verb moves to the END of the als-clause.
Ik heb [iets] gedaan	I have done [something] — perfect tense: heb + object + past participle.
Ik ga [iets] doen	I am going to do [something] — future plans, intentions.
Ik wil graag een afspraak maken.	I would like to make an appointment.
Kunt u dat herhalen?	Can you repeat that?
Ik heb een dokter nodig.	I need a doctor.
Ik moet dit formulier invullen.	I have to fill in this form.
Ik kan niet komen omdat ik ziek ben.	I cannot come because I am sick.
Als het regent, dan blijf ik thuis.	If it rains, then I stay home.
Ik heb de brief ontvangen.	I have received the letter.
Ik ga morgen bellen.	I am going to call tomorrow.

Writing

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
Ik kan niet komen.	I cannot come.
Ik moet naar de dokter.	I have to go to the doctor.
Mijn kind is ziek.	My child is sick.
Ik moet werken.	I have to work.
Ik wil graag...	I would like...
Is dat mogelijk?	Is that possible?
Ik hoor graag van u.	I hope to hear from you.
Het spijt me.	I am sorry.
Kunt u mij helpen?	Can you help me?
Ik woon in Amsterdam.	I live in Amsterdam.
Ik kom uit India.	I come from India.
Wat moet ik doen?	What should I do?
Mijn gezondheid is goed.	My health is good.
Ik ga met mijn vrouw.	I go with my wife.
Mijn familie komt bij mij thuis.	My family comes to my home.
Bedankt!	Thanks!
Geachte heer/mevrouw,	Dear Sir/Madam, (formal opening)
Met vriendelijke groet,	Kind regards, (formal closing)
Hoi / Beste [naam],	Hi / Dear [name], (informal opening)
Groetjes,	Regards / bye, (informal closing)
Helaas kan ik niet komen.	Unfortunately I cannot come.
Mijn nummer is...	My number is...
Kan het vrijdag?	Can it be Friday? (proposing a new time)

Speaking

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
Ik zie een man. Hij loopt.	I see a man. He is walking.
Ik vind dit leuk.	I like this. / I think this is nice.
Eerst kookt hij. Dan eet hij. Dan wast hij af.	First he cooks. Then he eats. Then he washes up.
Ik kies de fiets. Want het is gezond.	I choose the bicycle. Because it's healthy.
Hij is blij.	He is happy.
Zij is verdrietig.	She is sad.
Ik heb hoofdpijn sinds gisteren.	I have a headache since yesterday.
Ik wil graag een afspraak maken.	I would like to make an appointment.
Hoeveel kost dit?	How much does this cost?
Kan ik met pin betalen?	Can I pay by card?
Ik werk als kok.	I work as a cook.
Ik volg een cursus Nederlands.	I am taking a Dutch course.
De vrouw neemt de trein.	The woman takes the train.
Het regent. De vrouw heeft een paraplu.	It's raining. The woman has an umbrella.
Ik heet Anshul. Ik kom uit India.	My name is Anshul. I come from India.
Dat is een goed idee.	That's a good idea.
want, niet omdat	'want' (because) keeps normal word order — safer at A2 than 'omdat', which sends the verb to the end.
ik kook / hij kookt / wij koken	ik = stem only; hij/zij = stem + t; wij/ze = full infinitive.
zijn: ben / is / zijn	ik ben, hij/zij is, wij/ze zijn — the irregular verb 'to be'.
Ik zie een gezin. Ze eten samen. Ik vind dit gezellig.	I see a family. They eat together. I think this is cozy.
Eerst gaat de vrouw naar een winkel. Dan koopt ze kleren. Dan betaalt ze.	First the woman goes to a shop. Then she buys clothes. Then she pays.
Ik voel me niet lekker.	I don't feel well.

Listening

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
half tien	9:30 (NOT 10:30 — a common trap; Dutch "half [hour]" means half an hour BEFORE that hour)
kwart over negen	9:15
kwart voor tien	9:45
negen uur	9:00
tien uur	10:00
elf	11
twaalf	12
dertien	13
veertien	14
vijftien	15
twintig	20
vijftig	50
honderd	100
duizend	1000
drieëntwintig	23 — Dutch numbers say units before tens: "three-and-twenty"
vijfenveertig	45 — units before tens: "five-and-forty"
eigenlijk	actually — signals a correction is coming; the number/time stated AFTER this word is the real answer
nee, wacht	no, wait — signals a correction is coming; trust the answer that follows
maar	but — whatever comes after "maar" is usually the real, final answer
niet	not — negation word, flips the meaning of the sentence
geen	no / none — negation word
toch	still / yet — signals an exception to what was just said
helaas	unfortunately — signals negative news is coming
gelukkig	fortunately — signals positive news is coming

Reading

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
gratis	free (of charge)
vanaf	from / starting (a date or time) — vs "voor" (before)
behalve	except — flips which days/items are included
aanmelden	to sign up / register
verzetten (een afspraak)	to reschedule (an appointment)
de balie	the (reception) desk
het spoednummer	the emergency number
helaas	unfortunately
kosteloos	free of charge (formal synonym of gratis)
de proefles	the trial lesson
niet per telefoon	not by phone — a common negation trap in reading texts
de sleutel	the key
de aanbieding	the special offer / deal
geldig tot	valid until
let op	pay attention / note well — often flags an exception

KNM

Dutch / Prompt	English / Answer
Huisarts	Your first point of contact for ANY health issue. You cannot go directly to a specialist.
Eigen risico (2026)	€385 — the amount you pay yourself before your basisverzekering starts covering costs. Doesn't apply to huisarts visits.
Apotheek vs drogist	Apotheek: prescription medicine (needs a recept). Drogist: over-the-counter products, no prescription needed.
Zorgtoeslag	Government subsidy that helps low-income people pay for health insurance. Apply via Belastingdienst.
112	Life-threatening emergencies ONLY. For after-hours non-emergency care, call the huisartsenpost instead.
Medisch beroepsgeheim	Doctors cannot share your medical information with anyone without your permission (toestemming).
BSN	Burgerservicenummer — your personal citizen number, issued when you register at the gemeente.
DigiD	Your digital identity for government websites: Belastingdienst, DUO, toeslagen.
Tweede Kamer vs Eerste Kamer	Tweede Kamer (150 members) makes and accepts laws. Eerste Kamer (75 members) approves or rejects them.
Koning Willem-Alexander	Head of state, but has NO political power — a ceremonial role only.
Identificatieplicht	Everyone aged 14+ must carry a valid ID (paspoort, ID-kaart, or rijbewijs) and show it if police ask.
Actief vs passief kiesrecht	Actief kiesrecht = the right to vote. Passief kiesrecht = the right to be elected.
Bruto vs netto salaris	Bruto = salary before tax. Netto = what actually lands in your bank account — always less than bruto.
Vakantiegeld	Holiday allowance: 8% of your annual salary, paid out in May.
UWV vs gemeente	Lost your job? Go to UWV for a WW-uitkering. No income at all? Go to the gemeente for bijstand.
KvK	Kamer van Koophandel — register here by law if you start your own business (eigen bedrijf) or work as a ZZP'er.
Minimumloon	The legal minimum wage, set by the government. You get the full rate from age 21.
Huurcommissie	Independent body for rent disputes — go here if talking to your landlord doesn't solve the problem.
Huurtoeslag	Rent subsidy from the Belastingdienst for low-income renters.
Statiegeld	Deposit on bottles and cans — return them at the supermarket to get your money back.
SVB	Sociale Verzekeringsbank — handles kinderbijslag (child benefit) and AOW (state pension).
DUO	Handles studiefinanciering (student loans/grants) and inburgering administration.
Belastingaangifte	Your annual tax return — filing it is verplicht (mandatory) for everyone.
Leerplicht	Compulsory education from age 5 to 16 (partial obligation continues until 18).
VMBO → MBO → HBO → WO	The education pathway. You cannot go directly from VMBO to university (WO) — MBO and/or HBO come first.
Same-sex marriage in NL	Legal since 2001 — the Netherlands was the first country in the world to allow it.
Gedogen	Something that isn't officially allowed but is tolerated in practice (e.g., coffeeshops).
Deltawerken	Built after the Watersnoodramp (1953 flood disaster) to protect the Netherlands from flooding.